Neural microelectrodes are implanted devices that are crucial for the exchange of information between internal biological systems and external devices. However, their long-term reliability and functionality depend on various factors such as biocompatibility, mechanical stability, and electrochemical stability, among others. To enhance the performance of neural electrodes, a team of researchers has explored a new approach that involves the modification of the electrode interface with conductive polymer modified gold nanoparticles. In this article, we'll discuss how they were able to achieve this and its potential impact on the development of next-generation neural electrodes.
The researchers utilized in-situ electrochemical deposition to create a layer of gold nanoparticles on the electrode interface. They then employed self-assembly principles to introduce carboxylic acid functional groups on the surface of the nanoparticles. The next step involved using electrochemical polymerization to firmly connect the positively charged conducting polymer on the surface of the nanoparticles, thus forming a PEDOT/3-MPA-Au neural interface modification layer.
After rigorous testing, the PEDOT/3-MPA-Au electrode showed low electrochemical resistance, even after undergoing 100 cycles of voltammetry and mechanical ultrasound testing with 120W of power. The researchers further assessed the functionality of the modified electrode by implanting it into the hippocampal area of mice and conducting long-term electrophysiological recordings for several months. They observed that the electrode recorded higher signal-to-noise ratio neural activity, indicating better performance compared to unmodified electrodes.
In conclusion, the use of conductive polymer modified gold nanoparticles on neural electrodes presents a promising approach in improving their function and reliability in chronic implantation. The PEDOT/3-MPA-Au modification layer has demonstrated low electrochemical resistance and sustained high-quality neural recording in vivo. Although further research and development are necessary, this breakthrough could pave the way for the creation of more robust and long-lasting neural electrodes for various applications, including monitoring brain activity, prosthetic control, and neural computing.
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